白塞病患者恐惧疾病进展潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究

李璐; 敖懿源; 刘烨玲; 吴婧文; 刘金晶; 郑文洁

doi:10.12376/j.issn.2097-0501.2026.03.004

白塞病患者恐惧疾病进展潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究

Latent Profile Analysis and Influencing Factors of Fear of Progression in Patients with Behçet′s Disease

摘要

摘要:
目的探究白塞病(Behçet′s disease，BD)患者恐惧疾病进展(fear of progression，FoP)的潜在类别特征，分析其影响因素。
方法本研究为横断面研究，采用便利抽样法，选取2025年5月至2026年3月于北京协和医院就诊的BD患者作为研究对象。使用社会人口学及疾病相关资料调查表、恐惧疾病进展简化量表、心理弹性量表、领悟社会支持量表、反刍思维量表、医学应对方式问卷及医院焦虑抑郁量表进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析识别患者FoP的潜在类别，并通过单因素分析及多元Logistic回归探讨FoP潜在类别的影响因素，并进行敏感性分析。
结果研究共纳入221例BD患者，其FoP存在异质性，潜在剖面分析识别出3个潜在类别，包括“低恐惧组-良好适应型”(68例，30.77%)、“中恐惧组-情境波动型”(110例，49.77%)和“高恐惧组-普遍担忧型”(43例，19.46%)。单因素分析结果显示，3组患者在年龄、白塞病近期活动量表(Behçet′s disease current activity form，BDCAF)评分、心理弹性、领悟社会支持、反刍思维及医学应对方式(面对、回避和屈服维度)方面差异具有统计学意义(P均＜0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示，BDCAF评分、心理弹性、反刍思维、医学应对方式(面对和回避维度)是影响BD患者FoP类别的主要因素。
结论 BD患者的FoP具有群体异质性，提示临床实践中，应对患者实施个体化、差异化心理干预，从而切实改善患者整体预后和生活质量。

Abstract:
Objective To explore the latent profile characteristics of fear of progression (FoP) in patients with Behçet′s disease (BD) and analyze its influencing factors.
Methods This was a cross-sectional study. By convenience sampling, BD patients attending Peking Union Medical College Hospital from May 2025 to March 2026 were included as study subjects. Data were collected using sociodemographic and disease status questionnaires, the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Ruminative Response Scale, the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Latent profile analysis was used to identify FoP profiles, and univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression were employed to explore associated influencing factors, and sensitivity analyses were conducted.
Results A total of 221 patients with BD were included in the study. Heterogeneity was observed in their FoP. Latent profile analysis identified three latent classes: the low-fear group-good-adaptation type (68 cases, 30.77%), the moderate-fear group-situational-fluctuation type (110 cases, 49.77%), and the high-fear group-prevalent-worry type (43 cases, 19.46%). The univariate analysis revealed differences among the three patient groups in terms of age, Behçet′s Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) score, psychological resilience, perceived social support, rumination, and medical coping styles (including confrontation, avoidance, and resignation)(all P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that BDCAF score, psychological resilience, rumination, as well as medical coping styles (confrontation and avoidance) were influential factors of the latent classes of FoP in patients with BD.
Conclusions FoP in patients with BD exhibits significant population heterogeneity, indicating that individualized and differentiated psychological interventions are warranted in clinical settings to substantially improve patients' overall prognosis and quality of life.

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